Matter and Energy - Grade 8 - Science & Technology - VLC at Waterloo Catholic District School Board

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solids and gases, states of matter, liquids, fluids, hydraulics, mass and volume

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The Use of Fluids

Pressure	Force per unit of area
Atmospheric Pressure	The weight of the air pushing down on itself and earth’s surface
Hydraulic System	A confined pressurized system that uses moving liquids
Pneumatic System	A confined pressure system that uses air or other gases
Compression	Reducing the volume that gas takes up
Compressible	How easily a substance can be compressed, liquids are almost incompress

"The Use of Fluids - Grade 8/9 Math & Science Team." The Use of Fluids - Grade 8/9 Math & Science Team. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Mar. 2015

The Properties of Fluids

Force	A push or pull that causes changes in movement.
Flow Rate	How quickly a fluid flows in a given amount of time.
Dynamic	Systems that involve movement
Aerodynamics	Air or gas moving around a solid object.
Hydrodynamics	The motion of liquids (usually water) around a solid object.
Kinetic Molecular Theory	The Kinetic Molecular Theory states: -all matter is composed of molecules or other types of particles. -particles are in always moving -There are forces of attraction among particles (particles are attracted to each other)
Melting	Process of changing a solid to a liquid
Evaporation	Process of changing a liquid to a gas
Condensation	Process of changing a gas to a liquid
Solidification	Process of changing liquid to a solid (freezing)
Sublimation	Process of changing a liquid to a gas, or a gas to a liquid
Laminar Flow	Water flows in almost strait lines around and object
Turbulent flow	The waters flow is broken and choppy around an object ( unable to flow in strait lines)
Drag	Resistance to flow
Streamlined	Shapes that create laminar flow
Viscosity	The resistance of a fluid to flowing and moving ( ketchup is more viscous then water)
Cohesion	The attractive forces among particles ( the relationship between ketchup and the bottle)
Adhesion	The attractive forces between a fluid and another substance
Surface Tension	The attraction of particles on the surface of the water (the reason water skeeters can stay on top of the water)
Viscometer	An instrument that measures viscosity
Mass	The amount of matter in an object
Weight	A measurement of the force gravity pulling on the object ( measured in Newtons)
Volume	Measurement of the amount of space taken up by matter
Meniscus	Water attracted to the sides of a cylinder form a curve
Displacement	The amount of water an object displaces, used to measure the volume of irregular objects
Density	How dense an object is ( mass of substance per unit volume)
Buoyancy	The upward force exerted by a fluid on an object
Archimedes’ Principle	The buoyant force on an object immersed in fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid that the object displaces (EUREKA!!)
Positive Buoyancy	If an object floats in water
Neutral Buoyancy	If an object remains underwater but doesn’t go to the bottom
Negative Buoyancy	If an object sinks

"The Properties of Fluids - Grade 8/9 Math & Science Team." The Properties of Fluids - Grade 8/9 Math & Science Team. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Mar. 2015.

Grade 8 - Science & Technology: Matter and Energy

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